Australia's elite athletes will be subjected to random room searches under a new code adopted by the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) to wipe out illegal drug use.

And athletes on federal government sports scholarships have been banned from self-injecting without medical approval.

Australian Sports Commission (ASC) chief executive Mark Peters told a parliamentary committee the commission's board approved in December a policy to conduct random room searches for AIS athletes.

He said all athletes were required to sign a contract agreeing to the searches and it was expected protocols would be in place to carry out the inspections within a month.

"As the athletes have come into the program they've been signing new agreements," Mr Peters said.

"The expectation is that all athletes will have signed the new agreement, new scholarship holders or existing ones."

He said the ASC had cracked down on self injection, even for legal vitamin supplements, and the practice was banned unless it was approved by a doctor.

"We've formalised our policy about injection and that is it's not acceptable," Mr Peters said.

"There may be some debates about injection of vitamin in the community but we are being conservative in our approach."

Mr Peters said five sports - cricket, weightlifting, motorcycling, motorsports and BMX - were struggling to meet their ASC obligations on anti-doping policies.

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